Enamel is the hard tissue that covers the crown portion of the tooth and is the hardest substance in the body. Cementum is the substance covering the root surface of the tooth. Dentin is the material forming the main inner portion of the tooth structure. Pulp consists of vital tissues of the tooth including nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. The pulp chamber is an open area in the center of the tooth, found in the crown area, which serves as a place for the pulpal tissues. The pulp canal is a small canal or trench area in the center of the root, containing the pulpal vessels.